考研英語語法精要 非謂語動詞

五、非謂語動詞的其他考點

1.接不定式或動名詞做賓語都可以，但在意思上有區別的動詞的用法

mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)

mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建議(做某事)

forget to do忘記(要做的事) remember to do記得(要做某事)

forget doing忘記(已做的事) remember doing記得(已做過的事)

go on to do繼而(做另一件事) stop to do停下來去做另一件事

go on doing繼續(做原來的事) stop doing停止正在做的事

regret to do(對將要做的事)遺憾 regret doing(對已做過的事)后悔

如：

Mr. Jankin regretted having blamed his secretary for the mistake, for he later discovered it was his own fault.

The boy is constantly being told not to scratch the paint off the wall, but he goes on doing it all the same.

2.不定式的習慣用法

句型：cannot help but do cannot but do

cannot choose but do can do nothing but do

have no choice/alternative but to do

上述句型的意思接近，即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。其共同的特點是都有一個否定詞和but。如：

Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.When I consider how talented he is as a painter, I cannot help but believe that the public will appreciate his gift.

3.動名詞的習慣用法

句型：be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.

It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.

spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.

cannot help doing sth. There is no doing sth.

I know it isn’t important but I can’t help thinking about it.

Alice was having trouble controlling the children because there were so many of them.

There is no use crying over spilt milk.

4.there be 非謂語動詞的用法

(1)做賓語時取決于謂語動詞的持續要求。如：

The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.

(expect要求接不定式做賓語)

(2)做目的狀語或程度狀語時用for there to be，做其他狀語用there being。如：

For there to be successful communication, there must be attentiveness and involvement in the discussion itself by all present.

(for there to be…在句中做目的狀語)

It isn’t cold enough for there to be a frost tonight, so I can leave Jim’s car out quite safely.

(for there to be…在句中做程度狀語)

There being no further questions, we’ll stop here today.

(there being…做原因狀語)

(3)引導主語用for there to be。如：

It is unusual for there to be no late comers today.

(4)做除for外的介詞賓語，用there being。如：

He would always ignore the fact of there being such a contradiction in his inner thought.

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