重金屬污染水稻的冠層反射光譜特征研究

摘要：利用野外光譜儀獲取礦區農田重金屬污染水稻的冠層反射光譜,通過曲線模擬和統計分析提取了與水稻冠層葉片重金屬含量變化極顯著相關的光譜敏感波段(Pb,460 nm;Zn,560 nm;Cu,660 mm;As,1 100 nm)、歸一化植被指數(Pb,NDVI_((510.810));Zn,NDVI_((510.870));Cu,NDVI_((660.870));As,NDVI_((510,810)))和紅邊位置等水稻冠層反射光譜特征.表明水稻重金屬污染可以被地面遙感傳感器快速榆測,其濃度變化與所提取的光譜特征之間存在極顯著相關,歸一化植被指數與紅邊位置對光譜信息的表達要優于敏感波段.歸一化植被指數以及紅邊位置可以作為水稻重金屬污染遙感監測模型的光譜特征參數選擇參考.同時,文章提出了利用遙感技術監測水稻重金屬污染的光譜臨界值概念,并計算出研究中各重金屬對應的光譜臨界值.Abstract：Because of frequent mining,heavy metals are brought into environment like soils,water and atmosphere,resulting heavy metal contamination in the agricultural region beside mines.Heavy metals contamination causes vegetation stress like destruction of chloroplast structure,chlorophyll content decrease,blunt photosynthesis,etc.Spectral responses to changes in chlorophyll content and photosynthesis make it possible that remote sensing is applied in monitoring heavy metals stress on paddy plants.Field spectroradiometer was used to acquire canopy reflectance spectra of paddy plants contaminated by heavy metals released from local mining.The present study was conducted to(1)investigate discrimination of canopy reflectance spectra of heavy metal polluted and normal paddy plants;(2)extract spectral characteristics of contaminated paddy plants and compare them.By means of correlation analysis,sensitive bands(SB)were firstly picked out from canopy spectra.Secondly,on the basis of these sensitive bands,normalized difference vegetation indices(NDVI)were established,and then red edge position(REP)was extracted from canopy spectra via curve fitting of inverted Gaussian model.As a result of correlation analysis,460,560,660 and 1 100 nm were considered respectively as sensitive band for Pb,Zn,Cu and As concentration in paddy leaves.Furthermore,heavy metal concentrations(Pb,Zn,Cu and As)were significantly correlated with NDVIs(Pb,NDVI_((510,810));Zn,NDVI_((510,870));Cu,NDVI_((660,870));As,NDVI_((510,810)).Heavy metals were also significantly correlated with REP,however,the inflexion termed as spectral critical value(SCV)between low and high heavy metals concentrations should be considered during applying REP in remote sensing monitoring.Moreover,NDVI and REP are much better than SB in terms of capability of expressing spectral information.Therefore,heavy metals contamination in paddy plants can be remotely monitored v/a ground spectroradiometer when NDVI and REP are selected as spectral characteristics. 作者： 任紅艷[1]莊大方[2]潘劍君[3]史學正[1]施潤和[4]王洪杰[1] Author： REN Hong-yan[1]  ZHUANG Da-fang[2]  PAN Jian-jun[3]  SHI Xue-zheng[1]  SHI Run-he[4]  WANG Hong-jie[1] 作者單位： 中國科學院南京土壤研究所,土壤與農業可持續發展國家重點實驗室,江蘇,南京,210008中國科學院資源環境科學數據中心,北京,100101;南京農業大學資源與環境科學學院,江蘇,南京,210095南京農業大學資源與環境科學學院,江蘇,南京,210095華東師范大學教育部地理信息科學重點實驗室,上海,200062 期 刊： 光譜學與光譜分析   ISTICEISCIPKU Journal： SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS 年，卷(期)： 2010, 30(2) 分類號： X87 關鍵詞： 重金屬    水稻    冠層反射    光譜特征    光譜臨界值    Keywords： Heavy metal    Paddy    Canopy reflectance    Spectral characteristics    Spectral critical value    機標分類號： S51 X53 機標關鍵詞： 農田重金屬污染    水稻冠層    冠層反射光譜    特征研究    Heavy Metals    Canopy    heavy metals    NDVI    歸一化植被指數    correlation analysis    chlorophyll content    canopy spectra    remote sensing    heavy metal contamination    光譜特征參數    vegetation indices    agricultural region    顯著相關    敏感波段    critical value 基金項目： 國家自然科學基金，中國博士后科學基金

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