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英語(yǔ)五個(gè)基本句式
從英語(yǔ)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)上說(shuō)，除了修飾名詞的定語(yǔ)和修飾動(dòng)詞的狀語(yǔ)外，在千變?nèi)f化的句子中可歸納為五個(gè)基本句式，一般地說(shuō)，某些動(dòng)詞用在某一句式中，下面筆者把這些句型和常用的動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行歸類(lèi),供你參考。
1.S(主） + Vi（不及物動(dòng)詞）（謂）
Time flies.
1) S + V + adverbial(狀語(yǔ)）
Birds sing beautifully.
2) S + Vi+ prep Phrase（介詞短語(yǔ)）
He went on holiday.
3) S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式）
We stopped to have a rest.
4) S + Vi+ Participle (分詞）
I'll go swimming.
2. S (主）+ Vt （及物動(dòng)詞）（謂）+ O（賓）
We like English.
1) S + VT + N/Pron
I like music.
I like her.
2) S + VT + infinitive(不定式）
I want to help him.
常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise,
propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。
3) S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive
I don't know what to do.
常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn,
observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。
4) S + VT + Gerund
I enjoy living here.
常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss,
practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等。
5) S + VT + That-clause
I don't think (that) he is right.
常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：Admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel(覺(jué)得）
, hear（聽(tīng)說(shuō)）, hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind（當(dāng)心）, notice, propose, request, report, say, see
（看出），show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder(覺(jué)得奇怪）。
3. S (主）+ V（謂）（lv)( 系動(dòng)詞）+ P（表）
We are Chinese.
除了be 系動(dòng)詞外，還有一些動(dòng)詞也可以用作系動(dòng)詞，1)表感官的動(dòng)詞，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。
2) 表轉(zhuǎn)變變化的動(dòng)詞，become, get, grow, turn, go,等。 3)表延續(xù)的動(dòng)詞 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。
4)表瞬時(shí)的動(dòng)詞 come, fall, set, cut, occur等 5)其他動(dòng)詞 eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue,
hang等。
1) S + Lv + N/Pron(名詞/代詞）
He is a boy.
This is mine.
2) S + Lv + Adj（形容詞）
She is beautiful.
3) S + Lv + Adv (副詞）
Class is over.
4) S + Lv + Prep Phrase
He is in good health.
5) S + Lv + Participle(分詞）
He is excited.
The film is interesting.
4. S (主）+ VT （謂）+ In O（間接 賓） + D O（直接 賓）
I give you help.
1) S + VT + N/Pron + N
I sent him a book.
I bought May a book.
2) S + VT + N/Pron + To/for-phrase
He sent a book to me.
He bought a coat for me.
間接賓語(yǔ)前需要加to 的常用動(dòng)詞有：allow, bring, deny, do(帶來(lái)）， give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe,
pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。
間接賓語(yǔ)前需要加for 的常用動(dòng)詞有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏），
save, sing, spare等。
5. S (主）+ VT（謂）+ O（賓） + O C（賓補(bǔ)）
I make you clear.
1) S + VT + N/Pron + N
We named our baby Tom.
常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名）。
2) S + VT + N/Pron + Adj
He painted the wall white.
常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn,
want, wash, wipe, wish等。
3) S + VT + N/Pron + Prep Phrase
She always keeps everything in good order.
4) S + VT + N/Pron + Infinitive
I wish you to stay.
I made him work
常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：a)不定式帶to的詞：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage,
expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request,
teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。b)不定式不帶to的詞：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make,
notice, see, watch等。
5) S + VT + N/Pron + Participle (分詞）
I heard my name called.
I feel something moving.
常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice,
observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。
6) S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive
He show me how to do it.
常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。
7) S + VT + N/Pron + That-clause
He told me that the film was great.
常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等。
S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-Clause
He asked me what he should do.
常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有：Advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.
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